Hospital functions and organization vary according to health-care delivery organizations and each hospital’s unique position in the system. Good management structures ensure coordination among staff, services, infrastructure and supply chains to deliver high-quality care. Health care-associated infections (HAIs) continue to be a daily potential threat to patients in every hospital and clinic, including during public health emergencies, while, infection prevention and control (IPC) and hand hygiene action provide a high return on investment within health system expenditure and have a significant positive effect on health outcomes for all countries. Hospital emergency management is a continuous process requiring the seamless integration of planning and re-sponse efforts with local and national programmes. The principles and recommendations outlined in this tool are generic, applicable to a range of contingencies and based on an all-hazards approach.

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